Star-big ball of hot gasses

Constellation-stars that form a star picture

Planet-large ball of rock or gas that follows a path around the sun

Solar System-sun and the planets

Energy-something that can do work and cause change

Solar Energy-light and heat from the sun

Rotation-spinning round and round

Orbit-path around an object

Season-time of year that has a certain kind of weather

Moon-largest object you can see in the night sky

Moonlight-light from the moon

Crater-hole, valley, or indentation on a planet or a moon made by a large rock

1. Stars are really much bigger than Earth. They look small because they are far away.

2. A telescope makes stars look closer and larger.

3. Seven bright stars that form a bowl and handle in the night sky is called the Big Dipper.

4. The entire sky has about 88 constellations.

5. Stars, planets, and constellations are some things you can see in the night sky.

6. The solar system includes the sun and all the planets.

7. Earth is shaped something like a sphere, or a ball.

8. Earth spins round and round in space. It takes about 24 hours for Earth to rotate, or spin, all the way around one time. One full rotation of Earth is one full day.

9. The sun is the star closest to Earth. The sun is made of hot gases that give off light and heat energy.

10. Earth's rotations cause day and night.

11. Earth orbits, or moves in a path around, the sun.

12. Seasons change because Earth is tilted and it orbits the sun. As Earth orbits the sun, different parts of Earth get more or less direct sunlight.

13. The sun's light makes the moon seem to shine.

14. As the moon orbits Earth, the moon moves away from and then toward the sun. The sun shines directly on the part of the moon that faces it. This causes the moon to appear to change shape. We see the lighted part of the moon.

UNIT D
Chapter Two- Earth's Weather

Vocabulary Words

Weather-what the air is like outside

Water Cycle-way water moves from the air to land and back again

Evaporate-change from a liquid into a gas

Water Vapor-water in gas state

Thermometer-tool that measures temperature

Temperature-how hot or cold the air is

Stratus-low, gray clouds

Cirrus-very high, thin, feathery clouds

Cumulus-clouds that look like puffy, white cotton

Thunderstorm-storm with rain, thunder, and lightning

Tornado-funnel-shaped cloud

Hurricane-storm with strong winds, high ocean waves, and heavy rain

Blizzard-storm with heavy snow and strong winds

1. The weather can change quickly. It may be warm one day and cool the next. It may change from rainy to sunny, windy to calm, or cloudy to clear.

2. In spring the air gets warmer. In some places it is rainy.

3. In summer days are often sunny and hot. In some places, storms make the weather change quickly.

4. In fall the weather gets cooler. Some fall days are cloudy, but other days are sunny and clear.

5. Winter is the coldest time of the year. In many places, it gets cold enough for snow; in other places, it cools down slightly.

6. The water cycle is how Earth's water moves from the air, to the land and oceans, and back to the air again. The sun's heat makes water evaporate into water vapor. Water vapor rises into the air, cools, and condenses into drops of liquid water that form clouds. Drops of water in the clouds fall as rain or snow. Rain and melted snow flow into streams, lakes, and oceans. This is called the water cycle.

7. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate into water vapor that goes into the air.

8. Thermometers are used to measure the temperature of the air. Rain gauges are used to measure how much rain or snow has fallen. Wind vanes are used to show which way the wind is blowing.

9. Clouds give clues about how the weather may change. Stratus clouds usually bring rain or snow. Cirrus clouds mean the weather is going to be sunny and bright. Cumulus clouds usually mean fair weather, but when they pile up and turn dark, they can bring a storm.

10. On cold days wear layers of dark clother, a hat, and mittens.

11. On sunny days use sunscreen and wear sunglasses.

12. A tornado has a funnel-shaped cloud, a huricane has heavy rain and strong winds but no funnel-shaped clouds.

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