Matter-Matter is anything that takes up space.

Solid-A solid is matter that has it's own shape.

Liquid-A liquid is matter that takes the shape of it's container.

Gas-A gas is matter that spreads to fill a space.

1. Solids, liquids, and gases are all matter. Scientists call them states of matter.

2. A solid is matter that has it's own shape. Examples of solids may be a bicycle wheel, a toy robot, or a desk.

3. A liquid takes the shape of it's container. Examples of liquids may be juice, milk, or water.

3. A liquid does not have a definite shape when it's not in a container.

4. A gas fills all of the space around you even though you can't see it. A gas does not have a definite shape or size. It spreads to fill a space.

5. Liquids and gases are different from solids because they both spread out over the space.

Chapter Two-How Can You Observe and Measure Properties?

Vocabulary Words

Property-A property is something about an object that you can observe with your senses.

Mixture-A mixture is two or more things put together.

Volume-Volume is the amount of space matter takes up.

1. When you observe and measure, you learn about properties.

2. Texture is the way an object feels. Think of an orange. The texture is bumpy. You can use a hand lens to help you see the tiny bumps on the orange.

3. Objects can sink or float in a liquid. If an object sinks it falls to the bottom. If an object floats it will stay on or near the top of the liquid.

4. Color and shape are properties of matter. To observe color you use your sense of sight. To observe shape you may use your sense of sight or touch.

5. When you put two or more solids together, you make a mixture. You can then sort the mixture into groups. The mixture might be sorted by color, shape, size, or by those that are attracted to a magnet.

6. Matter can be measured. You can measure matter using a centimeter or inch ruler. You can weigh matter by using a balance scale.

7. Volume is how much space matter takes up. Pour a liquid into a container and read the level. Think about what happens when you pour the same amount of liquid into a different container.

8. A thermometer measures the temperature or how hot or cold something is. Temperature is a property of matter. You can observe the temperature of matter using your sense of touch.

Chapter Three-How Do Liquids and Solids Change?

Vocabulary Words

Water Vapor-Water vapor is a gas in the air.

Dissolve-When a solid dissolves it mixes completely with a liquid.

Solution-A solution is a mixture of two or more kinds of matter evenly spread out.

1. Liquids and solids can change states. A liquid can change into ice, a solid, and change back into water.

2. Cold temperatures can cause liquids to freeze. When it freezes it changes from a liquid state to a solid state.

3. Hot temperatures can also cause matter to change states. Heat can cause solid ice to melt into liquid water. Add more heat and liquid water can turn into a gas called water vapor.

4. Some solids change when they are mixed with water. Sugar is a solid. When you mix sugar with coffee, the solid sugar changes. It dissolves in the coffee. The sugar and coffee become a solution.

5. Some solids do not dissolve in liquids. Sand does not dissolve in water. Sand and water do not become a solution, the two parts remain separate.

6. Solid matter can change shape. It can be bent, folded, cut, chipped, broken, or torn.

7. You can fold a piece of paper to make a new shape, but a cracker will not fold. It breaks into pieces.

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